Examines the institutions, policies, principles, and implementation challenges shaping the governance of AI. Introduces AI governance as an emerging field of public policy concerned with balancing innovation, risk management, human rights, public trust, and geopolitical competition. Analyzes governance efforts at multiple levels including the United Nations, national regulatory models, regional alliances, and local approaches. Compares governance frameworks in the United States, European Union, China, and other jurisdictions, while also examining the philosophical foundations of AI governance including human agency, transparency, accountability, and fairness. Explores implementation issues facing governments including internal AI governance, procurement, risk assessment, oversight, and negotiation with technology companies. Focuses on emerging issues such as AI agents, geopolitical competition, and the role of international organizations in shaping and using AI.